Montana § 27-1-715 addresses unprovoked bites to a person or service animal in public or while lawfully on private property within an incorporated city or town. It imposes owner liability regardless of prior viciousness or knowledge. That geographic wording matters: the section is not a complete statement of every possible Montana claim. (Montana Code Annotated § 27-1-715)
California § 3342 provides owner liability for bites in public or while the person is lawfully on private property, regardless of prior viciousness or knowledge. Its government military/police-dog provisions contain conditions and limits; they are not a general exemption for a civilian protection K9. (California Civil Code § 3342)
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